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The 13 Best States To Retire In 2023 (And The 7 Worst)

Iowa, with its rolling plains and low cost of living, makes for the best state to retire to in the U.S. Expensive living costs and high crime rates against seniors places Washington as the worst state for retirees.

Updated on July 14, 2023

7 minute read

Updated on July 14, 2023

7 minute read

Surprise! The best state to retire isn’t actually Florida, despite its high population of seniors.

Some of the best states to retire might not be what you expect, but these states treat their retirees well by checking off boxes in several major factors: affordability, health care, weather, and safety.

Whether relocating for retirement comes from the desire to cut expenses, be near family, or simply wanting a change of scenery, you’ll find the best locations for you on this list. Our list covers the best (and worst) states to retire to — whether you envision your days spent on a beach or in a small remote town.

Key Findings:

Iowa is the best state overall for retiring.
Washington is the worst state for retiring.
Florida is the safest state overall for retirees, followed by Wyoming.
Florida, Hawaii, and Louisiana are the warmest states to retire to if you don’t mind some humidity. Arizona is a good alternative if you prefer dry heat.
Rhode Island is the best state for retiree health care, with good scores for cost and access to quality medical care.
Mississippi is the most affordable state to retire to, with its low cost of living and great tax benefits for seniors.

Methodology

To calculate the best and worst states to retire, we researched all 50 states and the District of Columbia on various factors that affect retirees. We analyzed recent data sets and resources on FBI crime rates, tax policies for retirees, cost of living indexes, average home prices, health care, and weather conditions. We combined the rankings to assign each state a total score. The lower the rank, the better for that category.

Ranking criteria:

Crime rates are typically calculated by dividing the number of FBI-reported crimes by the total population of a given area, and then multiplying that number by 100,000 people. We followed this formula but looked at crimes where victims were 60 years of older compared to the total senior citizen population within that state. This combines violent, property, and larceny crimes.
For taxes, each state receives a score based on different taxation policies for retirement income and local and state tax rates on income, property, and sales.
Cost of living (COL) index compares costs of goods, transportation, and other costs associated with everyday life. The national baseline is 100. If a state has a COL below 100, it’s less expensive to live there.
Average home prices come from the January 2023 Zillow Home Value Index — the typical value of homes in a specified region — for all homes, which includes single-family residences and condos.
If an affordability score is mentioned at any point, this considers the cost of living, average home prices, and tax scores.
Health care scores come from WalletHub, which analyzed health care costs, access, and outcomes on a 100-point scale. View WalletHub’s full methodology here.
Weather is subjective, but we’re looking for states with ideal year-round warm weather while also considering humidity, rain, snow, and other major weather conditions like wildfires and hurricanes.

1. Iowa

Iowa ranks as the number one state to retire to. It offers an affordable cost of living and home prices and a strong economy, making it an attractive place to make retirement savings last longer.

Since health care is a top priority for retirees looking to move, Iowa may be a good choice as it ranks well for medical care and access. Iowa also holds lower crime rates for senior citizens. Although it can be cold in the winter, it’s manageable for the retiree who likes the occasional blizzard and warm, sunny summers.

Average home price: $199,448
Cost of living index: 89.9
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are partially taxed.
Health care ranking: 10
Crime rate: 1623.72
Average temperature: 48.4 F
Severe weather incidents: 21 (within previous decade)

2. Mississippi

If you envision your retirement on a beach, Mississippi is a good place to do it. Mississippi is an affordable place to live with good weather — with the exception of having the highest humidity levels in the nation.

Mississippi would be the best state to retire to if it weren’t for its poor health care ranking, which unfortunately comes in as the worst in the U.S. However, one positive about Mississippi’s health care system is they rank within the top five of hospital beds per capita. Mississippi’s health care rating is something to consider if you have ailments that require frequent medical attention.

Average home price: $163,785
Cost of living index: 83.3
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are not taxed.
Health care ranking: 51
Crime rate: 1550.47
Average temperature: 64.3 F
Severe weather incidents: 20 (within previous decade)

3. North Dakota

North Dakota might be the coldest state on our list, but if you like a change in seasons, it may be a great place for you to retire. North Dakota sees all four seasons and very few severe weather conditions to worry about.

Beyond weather, North Dakota is the fourth safest state for senior citizens and offers great medical care at affordable rates. Sanford Medical Center ranks second regionally and is high-performing nationally, specifically in cardiology for the Bismarck campus and urology for the Fargo campus.

Average home price: $242,246
Cost of living index: 98.2
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is partially taxed and retirement account withdrawals are fully taxed.
Health care ranking: 15
Crime rate: 171.93
Average temperature: 41.1 F
Severe weather incidents: 5 (within previous decade)

4. Oklahoma

It’s hard to beat the affordability of Oklahoma. Houses are priced very low and the cost of living index is well below the national line, providing a positive outlook for retirees.

Though the chance of severe weather like tornadoes is higher in Oklahoma, temperatures remain pretty mild throughout the year. Oklahoma sees 232 days of sun a year on average, making it a beautiful place to spend hiking on one of the state’s several eastern mountains.

Average home price: $190,627
Cost of living index: 87.9
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are partially taxed.
Health care ranking: 48
Crime rate: 1993.77
Average temperature: 60.4 F
Severe weather incidents: 35 (within previous decade)

5. Illinois

Illinois is safe for seniors where retirement income isn’t taxed. Overall, it’s fairly affordable to live in Illinois. Homes and the cost of living index are below the national average. Health care ranks among the middle ground compared to other states due to higher costs and outcome rates, but retirees have good access to medical care in general. In fact, Northwestern Memorial Hospital ranks eighth for geriatric care in the U.S., and Rush University Medical Center ranks 14th.

Another northern state that butts against Lake Michigan, Illinois faces cold winters but decent summers that aren’t overwhelmingly hot. Chicago faces the worst winters out of the state as it’s right on the lake.

Average home price: $238,114
Cost of living index: 94.3
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are not taxed.
Health care ranking: 25
Crime rate: 889.87
Average temperature: 52.7 F
Severe weather incidents: 30 (within previous decade)

6. Arkansas

With average home prices well under $200,000 and good tax benefits on retirement income, Arkansas is an affordable place to live on a fixed income.

If warm weather is what you desire, Arkansas is right up your alley. An average temperature of 61 F is perfect for picking up an outdoor hobby, such as golfing or soaking in a hot springs bathhouse.

Average home price: $175,532
Cost of living index: 90.9
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are partially taxed.
Health care ranking: 47
Crime rate: 2758.95
Average temperature: 61.1 F
Severe weather incidents: 23 (within previous decade)

7. Kansas

Just below Arkansas ranks Kansas. Being further south, the average temperatures are mild — not too hot yet not too cold. However, Kansas is one of the worst states for tornadoes, which is something to keep in mind if you’re looking for an affordable place with decent year-round temperatures.

Kansas ranks second-best for health care out of these shortlisted states to retire to. The cost of living here is also the second lowest in the nation, making Kansas a great place to live a fixed-income lifestyle in retirement.

Average home price: $207,814
Cost of living index: 86.5
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are partially taxed.
Health care ranking: 17
Crime rate: 2279.85
Average temperature: 55.1 F
Severe weather incidents: 33 (within previous decade)

8. Ohio

Ohio earns a spot on the list of best states to retire to for its affordability, decent taxes for seniors, and a low number of severe weather conditions. Ohio also features one of the best hospitals in the U.S. — Cleveland Clinic. The hospital even ranks number two for geriatric care out of the entire nation.

If you’re a sports fanatic, you’ll fit right in retiring in Ohio. Numerous well-loved sports teams call Ohio home, such as the Cincinnati Bengals, Cleveland Browns, Cleveland Cavaliers, Columbus Blue Jackets — and you can’t forget about Ohio State.

Beyond cheering on your team, there are plenty of outdoor activities to enjoy Ohio’s seasonal changes.

Average home price: $207,601
Cost of living index: 91.3
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are fully taxed.
Health care ranking: 32
Crime rate: 2146.76
Average temperature: 51.8 F
Severe weather incidents: 18 (within previous decade)

9. Alabama

Alabama’s low cost of living, sunny skies, and tax-friendliness put the state within the top 10 places to retire to in the U.S.

Statewide, Alabama ranks poorly for health care due to high insurance premiums and limited access to quality medical care. However, many highly populated areas have exceptional hospitals, which is important for retirees. For example, the University of Alabama Hospital in Birmingham, Alabama, ranks within the country’s top 10 hospitals in eight specialties.

Further down the state is Alabama’s coastline if you’re looking to spend your retirement on the beach. Or, if you love college sports, you might want to stick around the middle of the state in Tuscaloosa — “Roll tide!”

Average home price: $205,271
Cost of living index: 87.9
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are fully taxed (with the exception of pensions).
Health care ranking: 50
Crime rate: 1809.83
Average temperature: 63.7 F
Severe weather incidents: 23 (within previous decade)

10. Florida

It’s no shock to see Florida on a list of best states to retire — after all, it’s one of the most popular states to retire to. With so many retirees flooding to Florida, you’re sure to feel a sense of community.

Florida’s cost of living index is barely above the national average, and it has no state income tax and a low tax burden for retirees, making it an affordable place to live. Florida only comes in at number 10 due to a unfavorable health care ranking and high number of severe weather conditions.

Average home price: $386,020
Cost of living index: 100.3
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are not taxed.
Health care ranking: 40
Crime rate: 4.50
Average temperature: 71.5 F
Severe weather incidents: 32 (within previous decade)

11. South Dakota

For retirees looking to stay active outdoors and lead a slow-paced life, South Dakota should be high on your list. South Dakota’s average temperature is on the lower side due to its winter months, but extreme weather conditions like droughts or wildfires are sparse here.

Overall, South Dakota is a quiet, safe place to settle down in retirement. Low crime rates make it a safe place to live for seniors. Retirees can adventure out on long scenic drives or hike through the state’s picturesque landscapes.

Average home price: $284,93
Cost of living index: 101
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are not taxed.
Health care ranking: 23
Crime rate: 1716.73
Average temperature: 45.8 F
Severe weather incidents: 8 (within previous decade)

12. Indiana

Whether you want a quiet rural life or a busy urban experience in retirement, Indiana checks quite a few boxes for many retirees.

In Indiana, you’ll find an affordable cost of living, plus benefits from low tax rates and untaxed Social Security. Indiana features well-rated hospitals but there are only a few of them, hence the state’s mediocre health care ranking. You’ll see snow in Indiana, but nothing like neighboring Michigan.

Average home price: $222,394
Cost of living index: 90.6
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are fully taxed.
Health care ranking: 31
Crime rate: 1684.56
Average temperature: 52.5 F
Severe weather incidents: 23 (within previous decade)

13. Michigan

Michigan rounds out the list of best states to retire. Low cost of living, good senior tax benefits, acceptable health care rankings, and low crime rates draws retirees to Michigan.

Home prices are well below the national average, and it’s one of the most affordable places in the country for medical care. So, if ice fishing in the colder months sounds like paradise to you, Michigan might be the best state for you to retire to.

Average home price: $218,938
Cost of living index: 91.3
Taxes for seniors: Social Security is not taxed and retirement account withdrawals are partially taxed.
Health care ranking: 18
Crime rate: 1623.50
Average temperature: 45.3 F
Severe weather incidents: 12 (within previous decade)

7 Worst States to Retire to

Looking at a combination of affordability, crime, weather, and health care, the worst states to retire to are (shown in descending order):

Washington
Oregon
New York
Utah
Colorado
Nevada
Idaho

The states on this list all hold cost of living indexes over the national line and average home prices of nearly half a million dollars. These western states also see a high number of severe weather conditions, such as wildfires. They also rank poorly for crimes against seniors.

However, many of these states have decent health care ratings. Specifically, Colorado ranks within the top 10 best states to retire to for health care, and Utah follows shortly after.

The Best States To Retire: Full Ranking

The table below shows how each state ranks for retirees. If one aspect is more important to you — such as weather or taxes — sort that column to bring the highest-ranking states to the top of the table.

Overall Rank	State	Total Score	Home Price Rank	Cost of Living Rank	Taxes Score	Health Care Rank	Weather Rank	Crime Rank
1	Iowa	65	7	8	3	10	22	15
2	Mississippi	78	2	1	1	51	4	19
3	North Dakota	89	15	24	3	15	28	4
4	Oklahoma	96	5	4	2	48	10	27
5	Illinois	99	14	20	2	25	30	8
6	Arkansas	101	3	11	2	47	9	29
7	Kansas	101	10	2	3	17	26	43
8	Ohio	102	9	14	3	32	21	34
9	Alabama	104	8	3	2	50	8	33
10	Florida	105	35	27	1	40	1	1
11	South Dakota	110	21	29	1	23	13	23
12	Indiana	110	12	10	3	31	23	31
13	Michigan	110	11	13	2	18	27	39
14	Kentucky	113	6	17	2	35	25	17
15	Louisiana	111	4	16	2	49	2	38
16	Pennsylvania	117	17	32	2	12	48	6
17	West Virginia	118	1	9	2	46	14	46
18	Nebraska	120	16	19	4	24	16	41
19	District of Columbia	121	49	50	3	14	N/A	5
20	Missouri	123	13	7	3	36	24	40
21	Hawaii	125	51	51	3	3	3	14
22	Tennessee	129	22	6	2	42	20	37
23	Vermont	130	28	41	4	6	44	7
24	Wyoming	132	27	21	1	38	43	2
25	New Mexico	132	20	12	3	33	32	32
26	Georgia	133	24	5	1	43	11	49
27	South Carolina	134	19	18	2	45	6	44
28	Maine	136	30	39	4	9	42	12
29	Delaware	136	32	36	2	30	12	24
30	Texas	137	23	15	2	19	33	22
31	Virginia	139	33	30	2	19	33	22
32	Wisconsin	139	18	23	3	22	31	42
33	Minnesota	139	26	26	4	4	29	50
34	Connecticut	142	31	43	4	8	47	9
35	North Carolina	142	25	22	3	39	18	35
36	New Jersey	146	43	40	3	16	41	3
37	New Hampshire	148	41	37	2	11	39	18
38	Rhode Island	150	37	42	4	1	40	26
39	Maryland	151	34	44	3	5	37	28
40	Massachusetts	156	47	47	3	2	46	11
41	California	158	50	48	4	29	7	20
42	Arizona	159	38	33	3	34	15	36
43	Alaska	1610	29	45	1	41	34	10
44	Montana	161	40	28	3	27	38	25
45	Idaho	162	42	31	2	26	45	16
46	Nevada	168	39	35	1	37	35	21
47	Colorado	169	46	34	2	7	50	30
48	Utah	169	45	25	3	13	36	47
49	New York	170	36	49	3	20	49	13
50	Oregon	178	44	46	3	21	19	45
51	Washington	184	48	38	2	28	17	51

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the financially best states to retire to?

Mississippi, Oklahoma, and West Virginia are the most affordable states to retire to. These states have low living costs, average home prices below $200,000, and decent retirement tax benefits.

What state has the lowest tax burden for retirees?

If a low tax burden is your main concern, Alaska is your place to retire. Alaska has no income tax, including retirement income such as Social Security, pensions, and retirement account distributions. Property and sales taxes are also very low. However, Alaska’s cost of living index is much higher than the national average at 127.

For a state with a decent cost of living index and low tax burden, look to Wyoming. Wyoming also has no income tax, tax on Social Security, and low property and sales tax rates.

Which states do not tax retirement?

The following states do not tax any form of retirement income:

Alaska
Florida
Illinois
Mississippi
Nevada
New Hampshire
Pennsylvania
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Washington
Wyoming

Twenty-six states do not tax Social Security but do partially or fully levy retirement accounts and pension withdrawals, leaving 13 states that tax all forms of retirement to some degree.

What Is The #1 Retirement State?

Iowa is the best overall state to retire to. But if you’re looking for a state to meet a specific requirement, there are plenty of options. For example, Rhode Island has the best health care system rating in the country, but it’s an expensive state to buy a house or live in. Each factor varies by state, so it’s best to do your research before committing to a new destination.

Sources:

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